Association between HbA1C and plasma lipid profiles in newly diagnosed diabetic patients / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

[Summary] In newly diagnosed diabetic patients, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C , and plasma lipid profiles were measured to analyze the association between HbA1C and plasma lipid profiles. HbA1C might affect plasma lipid profiles in newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Higher HbA1C was associated with the worse plasma lipid profiles and more severe insulin resistance.

Efficacy and Safety of Cinacalcet in the Treatment of Hemodialysis Patients with Secondary Hyperparathy-roidism:A Systematic Review / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of cinacalcet in the treatment of hemodialysis pa-tients with secondary hyperparathyroidism,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Medline,Cochrane Library,EMBase and CBM,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about cinacalcet in the treatment of he-modialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3.5 software after data extract and quality evaluation by Cochrane systematic Rev Man 5.3.5. RESULTS:Totally 7 RCTs were en-rolled,involving 1 987 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed cinacalcet can significantly reduce the rate of surgical parathyroid-ectomy[RR=0.23,95%CI(0.06,0.89),P=0.03],incidence of fracture[RR=0.26,95%CI(0.12,0.60),P=0.002] and increase the incidences of hypocalcemia[RR=9.81,95%CI(3.92,4.59),P<0.001],nausea[RR=1.97,95%CI(1.58,2.46),P<0.001] and vomit-ing[RR=1.91,95%CI(1.50,2.42),P<0.001],while it showed no significant effect on the the incidence of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death. CONCLUSIONS:The clinical efficacy of cinacalcet in the treatment of hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism is good,but there are common adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting,hypocalcemia.

Effects of curcumin on the expression of heat shock protein 70 in the hippocampus and spatial learning ability in APPswe/PS1△9 transgenic mice / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the hippocampus and spatial learning ability in APPswe/PS1△9 transgenic mice,and provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods Mice were divided into wild-type (WT) group,APP/PS1 transgenic group,curcumin-treated group,quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group.The 5-month-old mice in curcumin-treated group received 150 mg · kg-1 · d-1 curcumin by intraperitoneal injection for four consecutive weeks.In addition to curcumin,the mice in quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group also received quercetin 50 mg· kg-1 · d-1 intraperitoneally for four consecutive weeks.The expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice was detected by Western blot.Learning and memory ability of APP/ PS1 mice were measured by Morris water maze test.The latency of finding the platforms and the number of crossing the platforms were observed.Results The results of Western blot analyses showed that the expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice decreased significantly compared with that of WT mice (OD:APPswe/PS1△9:0.31±0.14;WT:1.14±0.51;P＜0.01).The expression of HSP70 in curcumin-treated group significantly increased compared with that of APP/PS1 transgenic group (OD:0.91±0.20 in curcumin-treated group;P＜0.05).The results of water maze test showed that compared with WT group,in APP/PS1 group,the latency of finding the platforms was significantly longer (APPswe/PS 1 △9:(82.3 ± 6.8) s;WT:(19.5±4.4) s),and the number of crossing tbe platforms were significantly decreased (APPswe/PS1 △9:(2.7± 1.1);WT:(5.2± 2.1)).In curcumin-treated group,the latency of finding the platform ((47.7±7.6) s) was significantly shorter and the number of crossing platform ((4.5±1.9) s) was more than those in APP/ PS1 group.However,in quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group,the latency of finding the platform was significantly longer ((69.7±9.1) s) and the number of crossing platform (3.2±1.6) was decreased compared with those in curcumin-treated group.Conclusion Curcumin can promote the expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice,thus improve spatial learning ability of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.These results provide evidences that curcumin may have potential therapeutic value for the treatment of AD.

Satisfaction and self-assessment effect of clinical resident standard training in Shenzhen city / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To provide recommendations for further improvement of resident standardization training in Shenzhen according to carrying on the appraisal to the present stage of the training work. Methods:A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate resident trainees. Results:We had collected 870 questionnaires with 86. 8% ef-fectively received rate. The resident trainees’ degree of satisfaction to the base conditions and management is more than 50%. While the degree of satisfaction to the training program is 33. 3%. Compared with the outside training base , the training conditions and management level is poor and lower in local training base. The effect of training pro-gram is better in outside training group than local group. Conclusions: Basement management, assessment, training schedule and trainees’ payment need to be improved.

Association of ADAMTS-1 gene polymorphisms with ischemic stroke caused by large artery atherosclerosis / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association of a disintegrin and metallo-proteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs (ADAMTS-1) gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke caused by large artery atherosclerosis (LAA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In total 767 patients and 506 controls were recruited. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs416905 (T/C) and rs402007 (G/C) of the ADAMTS-1 gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Frequencies of the rs402007 GC+CC genotype and the C allele were significantly different between the two groups (68.84% vs. 60.67%, χ2=9.012, P=0.003, OR=1.432; 45.24% vs. 38.54%, χ2=11.208, P=0.001, OR=1.318). Binary logistic regression has confirmed that the above difference was significant (P=0.001, OR=1.521, 95%CI: 1.183-1.955). The frequencies of TC+CC and GC+CC genotypes were similar between the two groups, and so was it with the C allele. The two SNPs had been in complete linkage disequilibrium (D'=1.0, r2=1.0).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The rs416905 and rs402007 polymorphisms of the ADAMTS-1 gene may be associated with ischemic stroke caused by LAA. The C allele of the rs402007 locus may be a susceptibility factor for this subtype of stroke.</p>

Composition Principles of Prescriptions for Diarrhoea Caused by Spleen Deficiency Based on Entropy Clustering and Apriori Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To analyze composition principles of prescriptions for the treatment of diarrhoea caused by deficiency of spleen. Methods The prescriptions for diarrhoea caused by deficiency of spleen in the Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dictionary were collected, sorted and entered into the TCM Inheritance Support System (V1.3) to analyze the composition principles through the methods of entropy clustering and apriori. Results Based on the analysis of 1185 prescriptions and 815 medications, there were 33 medications with more than 50 frequencies. Composition principles were obtained through apriori method:50 herbal pairs were used with more than 50 frequencies, and 29 core combinations with more than 40 frequencies. Association principle rule were used for the analysis of those medications in the prescriptions (support≥20%, confidence≥0.9). Principles were obtained through entropy clustering:there were 19 core combinations which composed the new prescriptions, and 19 new prescriptions were found through hierarchical clustering method. There were 17 prescriptions matching with Sijunzi decoction (semblance=0.5). Conclusion Diarrhoea caused by deficiency of spleen should be treated with strengthening spleen and benefiting qi primarily, assisting with warming yang, excreting dampness and checking diarrhoea.

Nutritional risk and nutrition support in hospitalized patients in general surgery department in Shanghai / 中华临床营养杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of nutritional risk and application of nutrition support in hospitalized patients in the department of general surgey,and to evaluate the relationship between nutrition support and clinical outcome as well as between nutritional risk and clinical outcome.MethodsHospitalized patients in the department of general surgery were enrolled from September 2009 to April 2010.The patients were screened using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 ( NRS 2002) on admission.Data were collected on the application of nutrition support within 2 weeks,complication rate,length of stay,and hospital charges.ResultsAltogether 3000 patients were included in the present study.The overall prevalence of nutritional risk was 18.5％,in which gastric cancer patients showed the highest prevalence (48.3％ ).The proportion of patients receiving nutrition support was 44.1％ in those with nutritional risk and 14.3％ in those without nutritional risk.The ratio of parenteral nutrition to enteral nutrition was 1.2:1.The patients with nutritional risk had higher complication rate,longer length of stay,and higher hospital charge [24.1％ vs.14.2％,(11.1 ±4.8) daysvs.(9.6±3.7) days,(12891.5±4831.2) yuan vs.(9982.7 ±3996.4) yuan,all P=0.0000].Among the gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,and hepato-biliopancreatic cancer patients with nutritional risk,the complication rate,length of stay,and hospital charge were significantly lower in the patients receiving nutrition support than those in the patients receiving no nutrition support ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsA number of inpatients in general surgery department are at nutritional risk.The prevalence of nutritional risk is considerably high in gastric cancer patients.Nutritional risk is correlated with the clinical outcome of the patients.Nutrition support may improve the clinical outcome of gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,and hepato-bilio-pancreatic cancer patients.

Relation between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and insulin resistance in woman with polycystic ovary syndrome / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Forty women with polycystic ovary syndrome( PCOS) were enrolled. Basal plasma and urine cortisol, pituitary hormones, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and plasma cortisol in 0. 25 mg dexamethasone inhibition test were determined. In over-weight or obese PCOS patients, cortisol levels before and after inhibition test were increased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ). The results suggest that the feed-back regulation of glucocorticoids to hypothalamas-pituitary is impaired and the change in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is associated with insulin resistance.

Clinical analysis of inpatients with hyperglycemia in the medical intensive care units——Data of Shanghai Renji Hospital from 2002 to 2009 / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To analyze the association of the morbidity,the management of blood glucose,and the prognosis of patients with hyperglycemia in the medical intensive care units(ICU).Methods Medical records of ICU patients of Renji Hospital from 2002 to 2009 were reviewed using Medical Record Inquiry System,and the data were retrospectively analyzed.Results(1)2631 subjects were included in the present study,blood glucose was determined at least once during hospitalization in 2168 of them.The incidence of hyperglycemia was 26.3%,in which 12.9% presented a known history of diabetes and 13.4% without.In the patients with diabetes history,93.2% of them received anti-diabetic treatment during hospitalization.mainly with oral anti-hyperglyeemic agents (53.0%)or subcutaneous insulin injection(24.9%).However,in the patients without diabetes history,84.4% were not treated against hyperglycemia.The mortality was increased in the latter group(30.4% vs13.9%,P<0.01).(2)In the patients with diabetes history,the mortality in patients whose blood glucose>10 mmol/L was higher than those with blood glucose≤7.0 mmol/L(20.5% vs 9.9%,P<0.05):while in the patients without diabetes history,the mortality began to rise as blood glucose>7.0 mmol/L(P<0.01).(3)Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the average blood glucose level was an independent risk factor for death(OR=1.26).Conclusions The ICU patients showed a high prevalence of hyperglycemia,the management of hyperglycemia should be emphasized.Hyperglycemia in critically ill patients might be an independent risk factor of increased mortality.